For this assessment, you will apply the four ethical principles to your healthcare topic (selected in Assessment 2), explain bias as it relates to your t

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Applying Research Skill s : Antibiotic Resistance

Student: Adenike A

Capella University

NURS-FPX4000: Developing a Nursing Perspective

Instructor : Dr. Brian Martinez

Submission Date 03/04/2025

Applying Research Skill s : Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a topical issue that poses a significant threat to public health due to increased antibiotic use and misuse, which has resulted in the development of novel types of infections that are not easy to treat. This issue is significant at the professional level because it impacts the understanding and designing of effective research interventions by practicing healthcare practitioners, policymakers, and evaluators. To address this challenge, knowledge of the principles regarding the use of antibiotics in stewardship and infection control, as well as other forms of treatment, is crucial.

Discussion of Research

I adopted several search approaches to obtain reliable and recent information on preventing antibiotic resistance. Using keywords such as “antibiotic resistance,” “antimicrobial stewardship,” and “infection control,” I searched databases like PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, refining my search to peer-reviewed journal articles published within the last five years. This approach made it possible to obtain the latest information, which was evidence-based and relevant to the practices in the healthcare facilities. To maintain validity when deciding on the articles’ credibility, I preferred research from scholarly publications and recognized institutions and ensured that the articles offered relevant findings. Analysis of their abstracts and methodologies made it possible to select highly relevant sources, including those that dealt with antibiotic stewardship, new therapeutic approaches, and public health measures. This writing process has improved my research and critical thinking skills and increased my knowledge of the best interventions to combat antibiotic resistance. The implication of the findings is in formulating prudent approaches to effective healthcare, policy-making, and research for experts.

Annotated Bibliography

This paper aims to assess the efficiency of ASP, emphasizing the reduction of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance in Colombia’s healthcare centers. The authors analyzed data from 55 hospitals nationwide to investigate the effects of ASPs on prescribing and resistance. Research evidence points to the usefulness of ASPs in increasing the appropriate use of antibiotics and decreasing resistance, supporting their positioning as strategic approaches to containing infections and protecting the population’s health. The research of this approach also looks at issues such as the aptness of the resource allocation methods applied in establishing ASPs, methods adopted in staff training towards developing ASPs, and organizational policies towards ASPs, among others. The findings about the problem and its effect also imply the need for further development and implementation of practical steps to guarantee the success of ASPs in various healthcare contexts.

This article provides information on newly developed approaches in AMR control: new antibiotics, bacteriophage therapy, and antimicrobial peptides. The authors describe the pros and cons of conventional antibiotics and mention some new strategies that may reduce the development of resistance. It stresses that new approaches should be pursued and new money should be invested in researching different remedies so that the circulation of these drug-resistant bacterial infections is contained. Moreover, the article also describes the issues related to the alternative approaches, including the possibility of regulatory restrictions, high costs of production, and side effects. Supporting this point, the study emphasizes the need to add new therapies as part of a more comprehensive approach to antibiotic stewardship programs.

This article focused on the problem of antibiotic resistance in the global setting and the need to step up interventions. This paper discusses programs, check-pointing, and proofs against disease spreading, practices aimed at reducing the spreading of infections, and proper utilization of antibiotics, among others. The study also highlighted the necessity of a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach to combat resistance, enhanced policies, and more funding for further initiatives. Furthermore, the authors explain how different countries’ healthcare systems contribute to the overall problem, stating that lower-income countries experience enhanced difficulties in applying resistance prevention measures. Therefore, it is essential to establish global collaboration on this important matter that affects the well-being of people worldwide.

Summary

Generating this annotated bibliography improved my knowledge of research skills by reiterating how to assess the credibility of sources, fine-tune searches, and critique the relevance of the results obtained. The chosen articles generally paint a balanced picture of antimicrobial stewardship, new therapies, and public health measures and can become the foundation for further studies and evaluations of antibiotic resistance. Unfortunately, it was not very effective at promoting critical thinking in the context of source evaluation. At the same time, it benefitted the overall research quality by training a systematic source selection method. In addition, it will enhance the practical experience that informs evidence-based practice in health management to fight antibiotic resistance work and interventions.

References

Lessa, F. C., & Sievert, D. M. (2023). Antibiotic Resistance: A Global Problem and the Need to Do More. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 77(Suppl 1), S1–S3. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad226

Murugaiyan, J., Kumar, P. A., Rao, G. S., Iskandar, K., Hawser, S., Hays, J. P., Mohsen, Y., Adukkadukkam, S., Awuah, W. A., Jose, R. A. M., Sylvia, N., Nansubuga, E. P., Tilocca, B., Roncada, P., Roson-Calero, N., Moreno-Morales, J., Amin, R., Kumar, B. K., Kumar, A., Toufik, A. R., … van Dongen, M. B. M. (2022). Progress in Alternative Strategies to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance: Focus on Antibiotics. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 11(2), 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11020200

Pallares, C., Hernández-Gómez, C., Appel, T. M., Escandón, K., Reyes, S., Salcedo, S., … & Villegas, M. V. (2022). Impact of antimicrobial stewardship programs on antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance in four Colombian healthcare institutions. BMC infectious diseases, 22(1), 420. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07410-6

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• Applying Ethical Principle-Healthcare Disparities
• Healthcare Disparities for Low Socio-Economic Status (SES) Individuals
• Why Address Healthcare Disparities?
• Autonomy
• Beneficence
• Nonmaleficence & Justice�
• Bias and Low SES
• Four Spheres of Care
• Ethics in Chronic Disease Management and Low SES
• Conclusion
• References